Cause and effect essay: Bad effects of smoking.

    “Smoking is bad for health”. It is a very familiar slogan that you can easy to see in all pack of cigarettes and in public places. However, there is a fact that, despite knowledge about smoking damage, the number of people who smoke is increasing day by day. Smoking causes many negative effects than people think. It affects not only health but also environment and society. 

   First, smoking affects health of both smoking person and people around him. There are many dangerous disease germs in tobacco, so that health of people who smoke is threatened a lot when they smoke. According to World Health Organization (WHO), there are 200 toxic chemicals per 4000 chemicals in tobacco, and in these 200 toxic chemicals, there are about 40 chemicals cause cancer such as nicotine, monoxide carbon, benzene, ammoniac, ect. These chemicals have bad effect on nervous system, blood vessel and are the main reason of heart disease, cancer, memory damage. A study of WHO also shows that each day, average 5 million people die because of tobacco and this figure could rise to 10 million by 2020 if countries don’t have effective solution to restrict smoking. In addition, smoke is easy to spread in the air, therefore not only smoking people but also people around them are affected. That mean, when a person smokes, he is harming both himself and many people especially children. These people are call “passive smoking” people. Because immunize system of children doesn’t complete, they are easy to be affected by harmful factors from smoke. That’s why the threat of disease cause by smoke in children is higher than others. Some statistics in Vietnam show that about 60 -80 percent children under 5 are affected by smoke. They are also easy to get some diseases like asthma, pneumonia, bronchitis if they usually contact with smoke.

   Smoking also has bad effect on environment. The tobacco manufacture releases an amount of waste including a lot of toxic chemicals such as oils, plastic, ethylene, glycol, nicotine, ect. These chemicals make water and soil as well as air in surrounding areas is contamination. In USA, tobacco manufacture is rank 18^th in toxic industries. Each year, tobacco manufacture of the World releases about 300 million kilograms nicotine, one of toxic chemicals causes cancer and heart disease. Moreover, do you know that 95 percent filter of cigarette made of plastic cellulose acetate? This chemical is very difficult to decompose and can’t recycle, so that it takes several years to disappear. In this time, this chemical may cause many effects on soil, water, even animal because some kind of birds and small animals confuse filter of cigarette as their food. Chemicals in cigarette filter make animals can’t digest and they may be killed by these chemicals.

   Not only health and environment but also society is affected a lot by smoking. First, smoking restrains economic development. Because of tax, tobacco is not cheap. In Vietnam, tax on tobacco is accounted of 45 percent retail tax. It is supposed that a pack of cigarettes costs 10 thousand VND, so if a person smokes one pack a day, he has to pay 300 thousand VND a month for smoking. However, in fact, this is maybe much more money because some kinds of cigarette have higher price and with addicted people, a pack of cigarettes a day is not enough. For person got married, wasting a lot of money for smoking a month affects much on economics of family, especially poor family. Consequently, economics of a country cannot develop when economics of family doesn’t develop. In addition, another problem of smoking is medical burden. Smoking causes many diseases and also kills a lot of people. In Vietnam, each year, there are about 40,000 people die because of diseases related to tobacco. This figure is three times as much as people die because of traffic accident. Furthermore, each year, government has to spend a lot of money for health service in general and for treating diseases cause by tobacco in particular. In fact, expense for treating diseases cause by tobacco in Vietnam increases rapidly from 429, 8 billion in 2004 to 1160 billion in 2006, and in the future this expense maybe higher. It makes a big burden for government to solve smoking problem.

   There are not any benefits of smoking but serious effects in health, environment and society. It’s very important for people to realize the danger of smoking and give up it. That’s why WHO choose the day 31/5 is World No Tobacco Day. All of us join together to make a world without smoke.

Argumentative essay: should marriage be arranged.

Getting married and living together in happy is the last target of any lover couples. However, nowadays there are many people who get married without love but arrangement or obligation from family. So, “Do people happy with their marriage?” and “Is arranged marriage good?”. In fact, I’m sure that most of people don’t want to get married with a stranger according to family’s expectation and so do I, so that in my point of view, marriage should not be arranged.

 First, arranged marriage is easy to broken down. The basic and necessary background of marriage is love. However, it’s usually in an arranged marriage that there is not love. The reason is maybe because of the religion or spiritual belief such as difference in religion, age, education, social status, situation of family, ect. Therefore, family object to the relationship of their children with person he or she really loves. Then, they force their children to get married to another person who they think that he or she is suitable with their children in age, religion, social status or education, ect. My mother told me a story about one of my cousins. After graduating from university and having a good job in city, he met and loved a colleague. However, after he presented her with family and told them his want, his parents objected him and prevented him from getting married to this girl. When he asked for reason, they said that this girl’s age is not suitable with him, if getting married, family will usually disagreement and they will live in misery. Consequently, the wedding of my cousin and this girl never be celebrated. After that, he didn’t get married until 35 ages. Because of being only child in family, his parents were very worried and decided to arrange his marriage with a girl they choose. I don’t know whether him love this girl or not but the wedding still occurred in July last year in the happy of two families. There are many other reasons of arranging marriage but in general, most arranged marriage lack of love because marriage is arranged within a short time. Time from meeting to getting married is maybe several months. It is not enough for them to understand each other and develop emotion to become love. Furthermore, getting married means that people live together, share all emotion, encourage each other in life and bring up children. When marriage bases on arrangement or obligation of others, their life is only because of responsibility, tolerance each other and pressure from family. They still live together, give birth and bring up them but for both of them, marriage is like a burden, so that breaking down is indispensable result. Sooner or later, they divorce to finish unhappy marriage.

 Arranged marriage also affects many people especially the children. When starting an arranged marriage, it was not the girl or the boy supporting this marriage but two families. Therefore, when the marriage is broken down, they also are affected a lot. They tried to make this marriage and put their hope on happy life of their children; so unsuccessful marriage proved that they were wrong. No one wants to admit mistake so they blame responsibility on the other. It makes the relationship between two families become worse and worse. However, people who are affected the most are children. Because they are not result of love of their parents, when they were born, the burden about economy and responsibility of their parents becomes heavier. These children usually only receive love from mother or father, maybe sometime from both of them but it don’t come from a perfect family. In addition, their childhood can connect to sad memory about unhappy family, quarrel of parents. It’s more serious when their parents divorce, at that time, children become victims of adult’s activities. They have to live in situation that is short of love from both parents and relatives. This is a fact that, the personality of a person is affected a lots by what happen in the past, especially in childhood, so I’m sure that when these children grow up, there will be a small part in their character that is affected by lacking love when they were young. Every day, we heard a lot of news about children who left their house. I believe that in these children, there are children whose parents divorce and always live in lacking of love as well as education of both mother and father. An arranged marriage is not only bad for wife and husband but for many other people include their children.

Nowadays, there are many ideas suggest that a person can be very happy because of money, high social status. Love doesn’t necessary to make the marriage be happy, so that arranged marriage is good. When a marriage be arrange, it will be supported from both two families. Moreover, because of the same social status or situation of family, they will be ensured about a sufficient life, a stable economy in the future. It is enough to make a happy marriage. We can’t deny that money and social status are necessary elements in a marriage but are they enough? And do you sure money and social status can maintain happy in family for long time?. When getting married, people don’t live together only 1 day, 1 month or 1 year but all life. Money and social status can make people happy by buying what they need, doing what they want and receiving respect from others. However, when money and status are no longer, there are not any things to tie them together and they divorce. Maybe only love is not enough to make a perfect marriage and at least people live by true emotion from heart not because of the obligation and arrangement related to money or social status. That’s why love that lacks of in arranged marriages is very important in marriage and marriage should not be arranged.

 I believe that love is the most important element in a marriage. Money and other things are only making a marriage happy in a short time. Family is cell of society. Only when family is happy, society are happy and develop. In addition, with disadvantages of arranged marriage such as threat of breaking down, bad effect on other people especially children, marriage should not be arranged.

PROCESS ESSAY:

        Gia Lai is a remote province in Highland. There are many ethnic minorities so that there are also many customs as well as culture. In Gia Lai, Bana is the most popular ethnic minorities. They live mainly by cultivating rice. Every year, they transplant rice seedling in April and harvest in October of lunar that year. When rice in field begins to ripen, they celebrate the new rice festival. People can understand this festival by the way “New rice” means rice in the beginning of crop. It is a traditional festival of Bana ethnic minority to be glad for the crop this year and pray bumper crop next year.

   Before the main celebration, each family in the village will prepare to worship in their house. First, the woman in this house will prepare a chicken, a tray of roasted rice and a jar of wine. All of these things are put on the big table in the centre of house. Then, the oldest man in family start to pray for healthy children, happy family and he also invites soul of ancestor to join together with everyone in family. After that, everyone will eat. According to traditional custom, to show the respect and grateful for the elder people, the older people eat and drink first. Then, each member in family enjoys the taste of new grain and drink wine together. The sound of laugh and voice of everyone in house make family cosy and happy.

  The next day, the women in the village will harvest rice and prepare for the main celebration. They get up early and carry dosser (a kind of basket which has 2 handles for people to wear on back) to go to the field for threshing rice. In the afternoon, the women come back village with baskets are full of ripen rice and happiness in each face. After that, all people in village gather in Communal House (a kind of house of Bana people, used for big event in this village) to common worship. The children wear new clothes and play outside Communal House when adult prepare for celebration. Each family in the village will contribute a chicken, a tray of roasted cereal and a jar of wine like when worshiping at their house and all of these things are presented along two row of the Communal House. The preparing is quickly completed to begin the celebration in the evening.

   The process of the main celebration is nearly the same as celebration in each house before. First, the village patriarch prays for peace, prosperity for people in village. He represents for village to gives thanks to Gods such as God of fire, God of water, God of tree, ect because of their help for villager to have a bumper crop. Each family also has its own wishes. After praying, people begin to eat and the village patriarch was allowed to eat as well as drink first. Besides similarities, there are some differences between main celebration in Communal House and celebration in each family. The first difference is pile of fire. Before the beginning of celebration, young boys burn a big pile of fire in the empty yard that is in front of Communal House. Bana people think fire is symbol of cosy, so pile of fire is indispensible in any celebration of them. In addition, after eating and drinking, people stand around pile of fire. Boys are striking gong and chink (kinds of instrument made of bronze of Bana people) while girls are singing and dancing. The fun last all night, even to the morning next day.

      Although nowadays, Bana people have no longer one crop per year like before, they still maintain “new rice festival” as a special feature in their customs. It is not only a good way to protect culture of Bana ethnic minority but also occasion for all villagers gather for exchanging relation.

THE QUALITIES OF GLOBAL CITIZEN

  “Do you think that our world, where we are living is really a good place?”Nowadays, the society is developing faster and faster. Its purpose is to build a better life for everyone. However, are you sure that all of people in the world have a good life. This world is very large and there are many people, but not all of them have adequate life. Somewhere in our global, many people have to face with poor, war, disease, ect. Luckily, in these places, there are also many people trying to make the world become better and better. They are global citizens. Becoming global citizens require a lot of qualities, however, base on the attitude toward themselves as well as others, there are three necessary qualities: empathy, respect, responsibility.

   Empathy is the first quality of global citizens. Empathic people are who can put themselves in the shoes of other people and observe problem not only from their sight but also other’s. In addition, they know how to put their point of view away and try to understand how other people are feeling. It’s like only when living in misery, people know how hard the poor life‘s are; only when losing a member in family, people know how do children in the war places feeling when they lose both father and mother. At that time, people will see the similarity between two soul, two feeling and thinking. It become easier for people to understand, share and help the others because being global citizens, people work to help the fortuneless. Thinking about others, helping with enthusiasm that begins from heart is manifestation of empathy-an important quality of global citizen.

  Respect is the second necessary quality of global citizens. What is respect? It is the way people accept differences between them and others. Each people, each country has own culture, customs, character, ect. This difference makes special for this person or country. Some time, unluckily, the difference is disease, poor, and misery. However no one wants to be like that and they are still worth to be respect. Imagine that you are working as a global citizen to help children who are victim of AIDS. There are many people who don’t want to contact with them due to scaring. Nevertheless you are willing to take care of the children, play with them and teach them because you know the difference between you and these children. You talk with them, listen to them and even learn from them. That’s respect. Respect becomes more and more important in special working condition of global citizens. They help many people in many countries with many differences in culture, religion, language, ect. Respect makes people understand, enclose and share each other. For instant, many people coming from many countries work together in a group. The conflict in culture is inevitable if each person in this group isn’t respect and don’t understand each other. That’s why respect becomes important with global citizens.

  The third quality but it is also indispensable for global citizens are responsibility. Responsible person is who aware what they are doing, how useful it is. They are willing to be to blame for their decision as well as what they did. Responsible people first must have responsibility with themselves. It is background to respond to others. Because of recognizing what they have done not only affect them but also others, they are more responsible. The effect of work depends on responsibility a lot because being a global citizen, people don’t work individually but in a big organization with many people. It requires each person must have good sense of responsibility to do common work. For example, when work for helping people in a dangerous area such as war area. Responsible global citizens don’t care how hard this work is or what risk they can get but try to complete their mission. This is sense of responsibility of global citizens.

  To become a global citizen isn’t hard for people who are empathic, respectful and responsible. You are the young and you have enough these qualities. Let’s use them as a meaning tool to bring happiness to everyone in our world and you will see that life becomes more beautiful when you live for others.

  

students' life in the context of high inflation

  According to the lastest satistics from Ministry of planation and investment,the inflation rate in 3 month beginning the year 2011 is 6.2 percent while inflation rate of our country in the whole year 2010 was 11.75 percent.This figure shows that inflation is increasing faster and faster.It has nagetive effect on not only economy but also life of every one,including students who live denpendencely on support from family.Owing to not having worked to bring up themselves,students’ life in context of high inflation get a lot of difficult.High inflation influence on many aspects of students’ life such as financial problem,health and study.

  For students who live far from their family,financial problem is always the most important one.In the context of high inflation like nowsaday,it becomes more difficult and the most worried problem for all of students.Inflation makes price of all things increace.Price of food,rent house money,electricity,water,internet,gas,petrol,ect also increace rapidly.It means each month,students have to spend an amount of money to pay for these fees while the support from their family is limited.Comparing now with one year ago,with the same money-1.5 million for one month.One year ago,this money enough for you to ppay all monthly fees,even shopping and other activities.However,now,it’s difficult for you to use this money for one month because of creasing of all things.That’s why students always have to consider and be headache about cost of living.
  Not only effect on financial problem,increasing price also have indirect effect on students’ health.While price is increasing everyday,support from their family is just about 1.5 million to 2 million,even less.Students have to cut unnecessary expenditure as well as restrict all of spend in maximum.They chose solution to reduce money for food because they can reduce others fees such as rent house money,electricity or water,ect.I am also a student,so I know clearly how hard students have to face in state of high inflation.A meal of student is very simple.It only contains some dishes namely eggs,vegetable.Some time,there is fish or meat but in context of high inflation like nowsaday,a daily meal is common with vegetable and noodle.More over,to save money,some students skip breakfast.It means they only have 2 meals per day;however,nutrition from these meals is not enough for them,especially in their age.This state can’t effect students immidiately,but if this state last long,it will affect seriously in students’ health.
  Effect of high inflation on financial problem as well as students’ health lead to another result.That’s study of students.We know that most of students live far from their family and depend on support from family.They have to not only study but also care about monthly fees,tuition,ect.Neverthless,in the context of high inflation like nowsaday,students are must more stressful due to worrying about finance problem.In addition,as mention above,the bad situation of health owing to not supplying enough nutrition from meals doesn’t ensure health for studying.As a result,their study have been declined.Some people said that study depend on self-imposed of each student.Financial problem or health only causes a little bit effect.if students realize the importance of study,they will find reasonable ways to make their study aren’t affected by inflation.This statement is not wrong but it is only right in some case because every thing only carried out the best when financial problem settle down.Besides,students are active people,so health is very important.
  High inflation influence on students in many aspects:financial problem,health and their study.Living in difficult like that,students have to learn how to balance and manage their spend to over come this situation and restrict inflation’s effects on students’ life

4 introduction

1.Broad statement:
The world crisis is affecting to many countries all over the world include Viet NAm.As a result,inflation is higher and higher.It causes many changes in people’ living,especially student whose life mostly depend on family.Living in state of high inflation,student have to face with many problems such as cost of living,cost of transportation and other things.
2.Contrast:
Many years ago,1 million VND is consider a big money for students in one month.They could have a life quite comfortable with this money.However,it was in the past.Now,with 1 million for one month,they can pay only for food,rent-house,even it’s not enough if they are studying in Ho Chi Minh city.That’s student’s life in the context of high inflation.It’s easy to see that inflation have strong effect on all aspects of student’s life.
3.Question:
“How much money did your family send to you for one month last year?” “Now,does it money enough for you to use one month?”.If you are a student,it’s easy to see that this money is never enough for one month.The reason is that recently,the price of all things increase rapidly because of effect of high inflation.Inflation influences on all aspects of student’s life from cost of living to transportation and other things.
4.Relevance:
When talking about student’ life,the first thing people usually think is about the misery.I’m also a student,so I know clearly how hard student have to face with,especially in state of high inflation like nowadays.Price increasing is a dispensable result of inflation.Because of this,student have to face with finance problem and their life become more and more difficult in many aspects.

outline:students' life in the context of high inflation

Introduction:
Hook: when someone talks about student’ life,the first thing people think is about the misery.
Background: I’m a student,so I know clearly how hard student have to face with,especially in state of high inflation like nowadays.
A dispensable result of inflation is price increasing
Thesis statement: Because of facing with finance problem student’ life in context of high inflation become more and more hard
Body paragraph:
-cost of living:the most difficult problem of student is about cost of living.
Each month,a student receives about 1.5million to 2 million from their family,even less.
This money is used to pay for many things:food,rent-house money,electricity,water,internet,ect.For example,before inflation,30 thousand VND could buy food for 3 people one day,but now,they have to pay 40 thousand,even more for food one day.
Student have to consider carefully to use this money in resonable way.
They have to find out solutions to solve this problem:do part-time job,find one more roommate…Howerver,it just a temporary solution because no one knows how long have the high inflation last?
-cost of transportation:transportation is also a problem that makes most of student have to worry.
On 1-1-2011,in Ho Chi Minh city,the price of a bus ticket increase from 3 thousand to 4 thousand VND.
Most of student choose bus like the main vehicle to move.Increasing price of bus ticket makes student have one more worry.
In addition,in the beginning of March,price of petrol increased nearly 3 thousand VND,up to 19.3 thousand VND for 1 litre.
Many student having mortorbike change from using mortorbike to using bike our bus to save money.
-Beside cost of living and transportation,student have to pay money for many other things.
Sometime ,there are some special occasions: birthday party,wedding,picnic,ect,or particular situations:sick,support,..that need money.
In context of high inflation,student have to balance using of money in month,so they may reduce money for these things to ensure money for other things like food,rent-house,electricity,water,ect.
Conclusion:
High inflation have effect on many aspects of student’ life.It makes many changes for student and force them to consider as well as manage spend resonable